How to set uplink port on CRS305-1G-4S+? Why is POE not working?

My entire network is based on Unifi networking gear. I just purchased a CRS305-1G-4S+ to get a few 10 Gbit ports for my NAS and main workstation. I tried both RouterOS and SwOS but have the same issue with both. I connected the ETH/Boot port to a 1 Gbit port on my core switch, and port 4 is connected to a 10Gbit port of the same switch via a DAC cable. On regular switches this would cause a loop and bring down the network (unless STP kicks in) but this was my goal:

ETH/NBoot to switch for management and for POE
SFP+ port 1 to my NAS (has a 5Gbit port)
SFP+ port 2 to my main workstation (Intel X520-2 NIC)
SFP+ port 3 uplink to another downstream Unifi switch
SFP+ port 4 is my uplink to the same switch but 10Gbit port

I am having a couple issues:

  1. POE is not always able to power the switch. At times I am forced to use the power adapter, and at other times the POE works. I’ve read about many people complaining about it, but it seemed to be a fixed issue. Am I doing something wrong?
  2. I get very low speeds towards my NAS. It is as if the switch were using the ETH/Boot port as the uplink instead of the SFP+4 port. How do I tell the switch to only use ETH/Boot for management, and port SFP+4 for uplink to core switch?

It surely is a routing problem. For an analysis at least the outputs of these settings are needed (ie. CLI):
/interface print
/ip address print
/ip route print