Some more infos for the problem.
The logs on my RouterOS side look like this:
...
11:34:28 pptp,ppp,info vpn-us-pptp: connected
11:34:51 pptp,debug,packet sent Echo-Request to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
11:34:51 pptp,debug,packet identifier=1
11:34:58 pptp,ppp,debug,packet vpn-us-pptp: rcvd LCP EchoReq id=0x1
11:34:58 pptp,ppp,debug,packet <magic 0xd40aad9>
11:34:58 pptp,ppp,debug,packet vpn-us-pptp: sent LCP EchoRep id=0x1
11:34:58 pptp,ppp,debug,packet <magic 0x51d5fb9>
11:35:28 pptp,ppp,debug,packet vpn-us-pptp: rcvd LCP EchoReq id=0x2
11:35:28 pptp,ppp,debug,packet <magic 0xd40aad9>
11:35:28 pptp,ppp,debug,packet vpn-us-pptp: sent LCP EchoRep id=0x2
11:35:28 pptp,ppp,debug,packet <magic 0x51d5fb9>
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: LCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: LCP closed
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: CCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: CCP closed
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: BCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: BCP down event in starting state
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: IPCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: IPCP closed
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: IPV6CP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: IPV6CP down event in starting state
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: MPLSCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,info vpn-us-pptp: terminating... - keepalives timed out
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: LCP lowerdown
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,debug vpn-us-pptp: LCP down event in starting state
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,info vpn-us-pptp: disconnected
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,info vpn-us-pptp: initializing...
11:35:51 pptp,ppp,info vpn-us-pptp: dialing...
...
The hint might be the message “terminating… - keepalives timed out” but I have no clue why it works with one VPN provider and not with another.
Any hints?