I got one of these for my lab CCR2116 (Orico M.2 NVMe to SATA Expansion Card):

Here’s what it looks like installed (top is off, sitting in rack):

I hooked up a Kingston 256GB SSD that I had in an enclosure and powered it via a separate power supply.
Flags: B - BLOCK-DEVICE; M, F - FORMATTING; p - PARTITION
Columns: SLOT, MODEL, SERIAL, INTERFACE, SIZE, FREE, FS, RAID-MASTER
# SLOT MODEL SERIAL INTERFACE SIZE FREE FS RAID
0 pcie1 SATA Controller PCIe 2x8 GT/s none
1 B pcie1-sata1 KINGSTON SH103S3 50026B73XXXXXXXX SATA 6.0 Gbps 240 057 409 536 none
2 BMp pcie1-sata1-part1 @512-240057409536 240 057 409 024 235 152 457 728 ext4 none
Exported it via NFS, mounted the NFS share on my Mac, and with Blackmagic Disk Speed Test, I’m getting 136MB/s write, 496MB/s read (specs claim 555MB/s read, 510MB/s write).
I’ve ordered a 6-bay SSD 2.5" chassis to hook up to this thing to experiment with RAID and with exporting drives and/or partitions to diskless routers for containers, particularly my 2004’s with 4GB of RAM.
Now if I could only find a way to route those cables straight out a whole in the back and put the lid back on…