VPN against Radius on Windows Server

I’m running into the following issue. I configured VPN (SSTP) user authentication on a MikroTik router to use the native RADIUS service—initially on Windows Server 2022, and now on Windows Server 2025. It works perfectly on the 2022 server. However, it fails on the 2025 server, with the client (native Windows) reporting an error regarding the username/password or the authentication protocol. Naturally, I’ve double-checked those settings multiple times. Another variable is the difference in RouterOS versions. Has anyone else encountered this issue, or is there a known bug report for it?
As an additional detail: the router logs show three authentication attempts, ultimately resulting in a timeout error. Yet, the RADIUS server (NPS service) indicates that the credentials are being accepted.