I cannot speak to the cables/antenna, but let's assume those are good. If not, swapping the modem modules, or just SIM cards more easily, let you confirm the RF/account stuff.
Since you mention, "pppd" mode. These modems do support ECM mode - that be better since it allows >25Mb/s speeds. See another thread about how to do this:
viewtopic.php?t=150149&hilit=EC25+V
Along the same lines, you should make sure the modem firmware is identical. If you try do try ECM mode, the firmware version will show up in Winbox etc., along with add'l signal levels. Otherwise, you can use "AT+CGMR" to get the version.
There are various AT commands that you can issue to confirm if the modem modules are in fact configured the same between your working and non-working units. See, an older, AT command reference:
https://sixfab.com/wp-content/uploads/2 ... l_V1.2.pdf
The overriding worry with Verizon is they require
both the module AND device be certified. While the EC25-V Quctel modules is Verizon certified, no Mikrotik
device is certified to use them. Verizon actually checks this when trying to activate a device - the device maker submit IMEI of modules they use, so just buying a "certified module" is not enough. It’s very well possible that it’s Verizon side that not allowing a connection because of this (typically it manifest as “E911 not supported” error to their agents when attempting to activate a uncertified device). So maybe worth having Verizon check the ICCID is active for your non-working units, and see what Verizon sees the device and/or can "refresh the SIM" as they call it.
Good luck. Hope that helps.