DNS over HTTPS

Probably because it was easier?

I have to apologize for calling hamburges with McDonalds unhealty.

Eating one McDonalds hamburger yourself does not mean that all McDonalds hamburger are unhealthy also.



Just trying to be inculsive. :wink:

Its called JUNK food for a reason. :wink:
You were right the first time.

If one is predisposed to eating at McD as a primary food source, I will help you in assisted …, for a lot less $$ and a lot quicker (no suffering for those last 10-20 years).

What do you mean? How did you add a second DoH server?
If you mean the script you posted that is not adding a second DoH server. It is just replacing the one DoH server :slight_smile:

This contains GlobalSign Root CA - R2, among others, which is what dns.google uses: https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

It depends on the point if view. As the script monitors the responsiveness of the primary server and replaces it in the configuration by the secondary one whenever it stops responding, and puts back the primary one once it starts responding again, it can be seen as ā€œadding a second oneā€. Yes, it modifies configuration (so writes to flash), yes, it has to be spawned quite often to be useful (so it wastes some CPU), but it serves the purpose.

And there is a minor mistake in it which I’ve noticed later, there should be a plain & at the place of the %26. Minor because the server does respond (so the monitoring goal is met) but provides no Answer section with the %26 in place.

What is worse is that the Cloudflare does respond whereas Google returns 400 Bad Request (even with the &).

Just as Sindy writes. Using a fail-over script to a second server.
What can also be done, is to setup three routes. One with two DNS points to the two other. Then the two other running each own DoH.
Will test the google cert

This worked, but installed 137 Certificates :astonished:
Do I need all? Can I see what is use?

You only need the root certificate of the service you want to use.

And from this list what is the root certificate needed for DoH to work?

 1       T cacert.pem_0         GlobalSign Root CA                                                                      ebd41040e4bb3ec742c9e38...
 2  L    T cacert.pem_1         GlobalSign                                                                              ca42dd41745fd0b81eb9023...
 3       T cacert.pem_2         VeriSign Class 3 Public...                                                              eb04cf5eb1f39afa762f2bb...
 4       T cacert.pem_3         Entrust.net Certificati...                                                              6dc47172e01cbcb0bf62580...
 5       T cacert.pem_4         Baltimore CyberTrust Root                                                               16af57a9f676b0ab126095a...
 6      ET cacert.pem_5         AddTrust External CA Root                                                               687fa451382278fff0c8b11...
 7       T cacert.pem_6         Entrust Root Certificat...                                                              73c176434f1bc6d5adf45b0...
 8       T cacert.pem_7         GeoTrust Global CA                                                                      ff856a2d251dcd88d36656f...
 9       T cacert.pem_8         GeoTrust Universal CA                                                                   a0459b9f63b22559f5fa5d4...
10       T cacert.pem_9         GeoTrust Universal CA 2                                                                 a0234f3bc8527ca5628eec8...
11  L    T cacert.pem_10        AAA Certificate Services                                                                d7a7a0fb5d7e2731d771e94...
12       T cacert.pem_11        QuoVadis Root Certifica...                                                              a45ede3bbbf09c8ae15c72e...
13       T cacert.pem_12        QuoVadis Root CA 2                                                                      85a0dd7dd720adb7ff05f83...
14       T cacert.pem_13        QuoVadis Root CA 3                                                                      18f1fc7f205df8adddeb7fe...
15       T cacert.pem_14                                                                                                e75e72ed9f560eec6eb4800...
16       T cacert.pem_15        Sonera Class2 CA                                                                        7908b40314c138100b518d0...
17  L    T cacert.pem_16        XRamp Global Certificat...                                                              cecddc905099d8dadfc5b1d...
18       T cacert.pem_17                                                                                                c3846bf24b9e93ca64274c0...
19       T cacert.pem_18                                                                                                1465fa205397b876faa6f0a...
20       T cacert.pem_19                                                                                                7600295eefe85b9e1fd624d...
21       T cacert.pem_20        DigiCert Assured ID Roo...                                                              3e9099b5015e8f486c00bce...
22       T cacert.pem_21        DigiCert High Assurance...                                                              7431e5f4c3c1ce4690774f0...
23       T cacert.pem_22        DST Root CA X3                                                                          0687260331a72403d909f10...
24       T cacert.pem_23        SwissSign Gold CA - G2                                                                  62dd0be9b9f50a163ea0f8e...
25       T cacert.pem_24        SwissSign Silver CA - G2                                                                be6c4da2bbb9ba59b6f3939...
26       T cacert.pem_25        GeoTrust Primary Certif...                                                              37d51006c512eaab626421f...
27       T cacert.pem_26        thawte Primary Root CA                                                                  8d722f81a9c113c0791df13...
28       T cacert.pem_27        VeriSign Class 3 Public...                                                              9acfab7e43c8d880d06b262...
29  L    T cacert.pem_28        SecureTrust CA                                                                          f1c1b50ae5a20dd8030ec9f...
30  L    T cacert.pem_29        Secure Global CA                                                                        4200f5043ac8590ebb527d2...
31  L    T cacert.pem_30        COMODO Certification Au...                                                              0c2cd63df7806fa399ede80...
32  L    T cacert.pem_31        Network Solutions Certi...                                                              15f0ba00a3ac7af3ac884c0...
33       T cacert.pem_32        COMODO ECC Certificatio...                                                              1793927a0614549789adce2...
34       T cacert.pem_33        OISTE WISeKey Global Ro...                                                              41c923866ab4cad6b7ad578...
35       T cacert.pem_34        Certigna                                                                                e3b6a2db2ed7ce48842f7ac...
36  L    T cacert.pem_35        Cybertrust Global Root                                                                  960adf0063e96356750c296...
37       T cacert.pem_36                                                                                                c0a6f4dc63a24bfdcf54ef2...
38       T cacert.pem_37                                                                                                eaa962c4fa4a6bafebe4151...
39       T cacert.pem_38        GeoTrust Primary Certif...                                                              b478b812250df878635c2aa...
40       T cacert.pem_39        thawte Primary Root CA ...                                                              a4310d50af18a6447190372...
41       T cacert.pem_40        thawte Primary Root CA ...                                                              4b03f45807ad70f21bfc2ca...
42       T cacert.pem_41        GeoTrust Primary Certif...                                                              5edb7ac43b82a06a8761e8d...
43       T cacert.pem_42        VeriSign Universal Root...                                                              2399561127a57125de8cefe...
44       T cacert.pem_43        VeriSign Class 3 Public...                                                              69ddd7ea90bb57c93e135dc...
45       T cacert.pem_44                                                                                                6c61dac3a2def031506be03...
46      ET cacert.pem_45        Staat der Nederlanden R...                                                              668c83947da63b724bece17...
47       T cacert.pem_46        Hongkong Post Root CA 1                                                                 f9e67d336c51002ac054c63...
48       T cacert.pem_47        SecureSign RootCA11                                                                     bf0feefb9e3a581ad5f9e9d...
49       T cacert.pem_48        Microsec e-Szigno Root ... email:info@e-szigno.hu                                       3c5f81fea5fab82c64bfa2e...
50       T cacert.pem_49        GlobalSign                                                                              cbb522d7b7f127ad6a01138...
51       T cacert.pem_50        Autoridad de Certificac...                                                              04048028bf1f2864d48f9ad...
52       T cacert.pem_51        Izenpe.com                 email:info@izenpe.com                                        2530cc8e98321502bad96f9...
53       T cacert.pem_52        Chambers of Commerce Ro...                                                              063e4afac491dfd332f3089...
54       T cacert.pem_53        Global Chambersign Root...                                                              136335439334a7698016a0d...
55       T cacert.pem_54        Go Daddy Root Certifica...                                                              45140b3247eb9cc8c5b4f0d...
56       T cacert.pem_55        Starfield Root Certific...                                                              2ce1cb0bf9d2f9e102993fb...
57       T cacert.pem_56        Starfield Services Root...                                                              568d6905a2c88708a4b3025...
58       T cacert.pem_57        AffirmTrust Commercial                                                                  0376ab1d54c5f9803ce4b2e...
59       T cacert.pem_58        AffirmTrust Networking                                                                  0a81ec5a929777f145904af...
60       T cacert.pem_59        AffirmTrust Premium                                                                     70a73f7f376b60074248904...
61       T cacert.pem_60        AffirmTrust Premium ECC                                                                 bd71fdf6da97e4cf62d1647...
62       T cacert.pem_61        Certum Trusted Network CA                                                               5c58468d55f58e497e74398...
63       T cacert.pem_62        TWCA Root Certification...                                                              bfd88fe1101c41ae3e801bf...
64       T cacert.pem_63                                                                                                513b2cecb810d4cde5dd853...
65       T cacert.pem_64        EC-ACC                     email:ec_acc@catcert.net                                     88497f01602f3154246ae28...
66       T cacert.pem_65        Hellenic Academic and R...                                                              bc104f15a48be709dca542a...
67       T cacert.pem_66        Actalis Authentication ...                                                              55926084ec963a64b96e2ab...
68       T cacert.pem_67                                                                                                c1b48299aba5208fe9630ac...
69       T cacert.pem_68        Buypass Class 2 Root CA                                                                 9a114025197c5bb95d94e63...
70       T cacert.pem_69        Buypass Class 3 Root CA                                                                 edf7ebbca27a2a384d387b7...
71       T cacert.pem_70        T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Cl...                                                              fd73dad31c644ff1b43bef0...
72       T cacert.pem_71        EE Certification Centre...                                                              3e84ba4342908516e77573c...
73  L    T cacert.pem_72        D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA...                                                              49e7a442acf0ea628705005...
74  L    T cacert.pem_73        D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA...                                                              eec5496b988ce98625b9340...
75       T cacert.pem_74        CA Disig Root R2                                                                        e23d4a036d7b70e9f595b14...
76  L    T cacert.pem_75        ACCVRAIZ1                  email:accv@accv.es                                           9a6ec012e1a7da9dbe34194...
77       T cacert.pem_76        TWCA Global Root CA                                                                     59769007f7685d0fcd50872...
78       T cacert.pem_77        TeliaSonera Root CA v1                                                                  dd6936fe21f8f077c123a1a...
79       T cacert.pem_78        E-Tugra Certification A...                                                              b0bfd52bb0d7d9bd92bf5d4...
80       T cacert.pem_79        T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Cl...                                                              91e2f5788d5810eba7ba587...
81       T cacert.pem_80        Atos TrustedRoot 2011                                                                   f356bea244b7a91eb35d53c...
82       T cacert.pem_81        QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3                                                                   8a866fd1b276b57e578e921...
83       T cacert.pem_82        QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3                                                                   8fe4fb0af93a4d0d67db0be...
84       T cacert.pem_83        QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3                                                                   88ef81de202eb018452e43f...
85       T cacert.pem_84        DigiCert Assured ID Roo...                                                              7d05ebb682339f8c9451ee0...
86       T cacert.pem_85        DigiCert Assured ID Roo...                                                              7e37cb8b4c47090cab36551...
87       T cacert.pem_86        DigiCert Global Root G2                                                                 cb3ccbb76031e5e0138f8dd...
88       T cacert.pem_87        DigiCert Global Root G3                                                                 31ad6648f8104138c738f39...
89       T cacert.pem_88        DigiCert Trusted Root G4                                                                552f7bdcf1a7af9e6ce6720...
90       T cacert.pem_89        COMODO RSA Certificatio...                                                              52f0e1c4e58ec629291b603...
91       T cacert.pem_90        USERTrust RSA Certifica...                                                              e793c9b02fd8aa13e21c312...
92       T cacert.pem_91        USERTrust ECC Certifica...                                                              4ff460d54b9c86dabfbcfc5...
93       T cacert.pem_92        GlobalSign                                                                              bec94911c2955676db6c0a5...
94       T cacert.pem_93        GlobalSign                                                                              179fbc148a3dd00fd24ea13...
95       T cacert.pem_94        Staat der Nederlanden R...                                                              3c4fb0b95ab8b30032f432b...
96       T cacert.pem_95        Staat der Nederlanden E...                                                              4d2491414cfe956746ec4ce...
97       T cacert.pem_96        IdenTrust Commercial Ro...                                                              5d56499be4d2e08bcfcad08...
98       T cacert.pem_97        IdenTrust Public Sector...                                                              30d0895a9a448a262091635...
99       T cacert.pem_98        Entrust Root Certificat...                                                              43df5774b03e7fef5fe40d9...
100       T cacert.pem_99        Entrust Root Certificat...                                                              02ed0eb28c14da45165c566.>
101       T cacert.pem_100       CFCA EV ROOT                                                                            5cc3d78e4e1d5e45547a04e.>
102       T cacert.pem_101       OISTE WISeKey Global Ro...                                                              6b9c08e86eb0f767cfad65c.>
103       T cacert.pem_102       SZAFIR ROOT CA2                                                                         a1339d33281a0b56e557d3d.>
104       T cacert.pem_103       Certum Trusted Network ...                                                              b676f2eddae8775cd36cb0f.>
105       T cacert.pem_104       Hellenic Academic and R...                                                              a040929a02ce53b4acf4f2f.>
106       T cacert.pem_105       Hellenic Academic and R...                                                              44b545aa8a25e65a73ca15d.>
107       T cacert.pem_106       ISRG Root X1                                                                            96bcec06264976f37460779.>
108       T cacert.pem_107                                                                                               ebc5570c29018c4d67b1aa1.>
109       T cacert.pem_108       Amazon Root CA 1                                                                        8ecde6884f3d87b1125ba31.>
110       T cacert.pem_109       Amazon Root CA 2                                                                        1ba5b2aa8c65401a8296011.>
111       T cacert.pem_110       Amazon Root CA 3                                                                        18ce6cfe7bf14e60b2e347b.>
112       T cacert.pem_111       Amazon Root CA 4                                                                        e35d28419ed02025cfa6903.>
113       T cacert.pem_112       LuxTrust Global Root 2                                                                  54455f7129c20b1447c418f.>
114       T cacert.pem_113       TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok...                                                              46edc3689046d53a453fb31.>
115       T cacert.pem_114       GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT                                                                  bfff8fd04433487d6a8aa60.>
116       T cacert.pem_115       TrustCor RootCert CA-1                                                                  d40e9c86cd8fe468c177695.>
117       T cacert.pem_116       TrustCor RootCert CA-2                                                                  0753e940378c1bd5e3836e3.>
118       T cacert.pem_117       TrustCor ECA-1                                                                          5a885db19c01d912c575938.>
119       T cacert.pem_118       SSL.com Root Certificat...                                                              85666a562ee0be5ce925c1d.>
120       T cacert.pem_119       SSL.com Root Certificat...                                                              3417bb06cc6007da1b961c9.>
121       T cacert.pem_120       SSL.com EV Root Certifi...                                                              2e7bf16cc22485a7bbe2aa8.>
122       T cacert.pem_121       SSL.com EV Root Certifi...                                                              22a2c1f7bded704cc1e701b.>
123       T cacert.pem_122       GlobalSign                                                                              2cabeafe37d06ca22aba739.>
124       T cacert.pem_123       OISTE WISeKey Global Ro...                                                              8560f91c3624daba9570b5f.>
125       T cacert.pem_124       GTS Root R1                                                                             2a575471e31340bc21581cb.>
126       T cacert.pem_125       GTS Root R2                                                                             c45d7bb08e6d67e62e42351.>
127       T cacert.pem_126       GTS Root R3                                                                             15d5b8774619ea7d54ce1ca.>
128       T cacert.pem_127       GTS Root R4                                                                             71cca5391f9e794b0480253.>
129       T cacert.pem_128       UCA Global G2 Root                                                                      9bea11c976fe014764c1be5.>
130       T cacert.pem_129       UCA Extended Validation...                                                              d43af9b35473755c9684fc0.>
131  L    T cacert.pem_130       Certigna Root CA                                                                        d48d3d23eedb50a459e5519.>
132       T cacert.pem_131       emSign Root CA - G1                                                                     40f6af0346a99aa1cd1d555.>
133       T cacert.pem_132       emSign ECC Root CA - G3                                                                 86a1ecba089c4a8d3bbe273.>
134       T cacert.pem_133       emSign Root CA - C1                                                                     125609aa301da0a249b97a8.>
135       T cacert.pem_134       emSign ECC Root CA - C3                                                                 bc4d809b15189d78db3e1d8.>
136       T cacert.pem_135       Hongkong Post Root CA 3                                                                 5a2fc03f0c83b090bbfa406.>
137       T cacert.pem_136       Entrust Root Certificat...                                                              db3517d1f6732a2d5ab97c5.>

Open https://dns.google/dns-query in a browser. You’ll get a 400 Bad Request, but that doesn’t matter, there will be the padlock icon next to the url, click it and get to the certificate details to see the root CA certificate which signs the server one (the exact steps depend on browser).

The above is only true unless you have a spyware (antivirus) installed on your PC, which performs MITM attacks to all TLS traffic so that it could inspect the contents you download for malware.

Trail and error gave me the second certificate installed is the only needed one.

Name: cacert.pem_1
Issuer: OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2,O=GlobalSign,CN=GlobalSign

I’m using the script and it works well, I’ve imported global certificates and tested several DoH servers but you always get an error as a response.
I set the scheduling every minute and had the results written on an external sacrificial MMC card, not to fry the tik flash.

When mentioning frying the flash, I had in mind the basic 6.47 which some users reports to generate thousands of sector writes without an apparent reason, not writing the fetched file to a flash - on my SOHO devices, files are stored in RAM unless you explicitly place them to flash.

I don’t understand what you mean by ā€œworks wellā€ and ā€œyou always get an errorā€ in the same sentence, can you elaborate?

For those who have DoH configured with CloudFlare, does first test "ā€œSecure DNSā€ shows to you as a green?

https://www.cloudflare.com/ssl/encrypted-sni/

Thanks

I thought the result file was written on mikrotik’s hdd, so I moved it to the external MMC.
Schermata del 2020-06-10 12.54.41.png
The script always populates the mikrotik DNS cache even when the DOH cloudflare fails.
For the query response errors I thought about this .
Schermata del 2020-06-10 13.00.40.png

Yes.

Have problem with that, I followed the nromis manuals, and I am unable to get First test green. Any recommendations? What should I have in DNS - Static, what should I have DHCP Server - Networks - DNS Servers?

Nothing if you use https://1.1.1.1/dns-query as DoH Server.

Or /ip dns static add address=1.1.1.1 name=cloudflare-dns.com
if you use https://cloudflare-dns.com/dns-query


Your router’s IP

Also make sure, that you don’t have any dynamic servers.

on linux to control the dns i do this, reboot the connection and control with nmcli device show myinterface | grep IP4