I need to know how the station CPE decides which AP to connect to if there are more than one AP in its range, with the same SSID and with different frequencies ?
does it choose the best signal strength or there are another parameters that decide that ?
CPE choose by default the best signal strength. You can influence that using connect-list (if you are using mikrotik CPE) or you should force then from Access Point using access-list
I recently can see some smartphone choose 5 Ghz signal if they have the same SSID from 2.4 and 5 Ghz signal.
To my knowledge, different CPEs use different metrics to decide what AP to connect to (and also for roaming decisions later), but it’s usually based on either RSSI (aka signal strength) or SNR, or a combination of both. Also, as gustavomam mentioned above, some CPEs may prefer 5GHz networks over 2GHz networks if 5GHz signal is good enough.
I have noticed, that modern Apple equipment (iMAC, iPhone iPad etc…) tend to register to 2,4 GHz fist, and then quickly change to 5 GHz if the SSID and password is the same. So it is more “client decides”, if you did not change any access lists.