@acooperator
All of your questions (including those last ones) were already answered, but apparently, you’re too unaware of the terminology to understand the answers, so instead of repeating the same answers, I’m going to give you a quick round of the terms. Please don’t skim over them, but read it all, even if you think you already know some of it.
First off, realize that every single device may be multiple things at once. This is a VERY important thing to keep in mind.
APs - Abbreviation for “Access Points”. An access point is a Wi-Fi device you can connect to (as your screenshot shows). Your TP-Link router is actually 3 devices in one - a router, an Access Point, and another thing called “Switch” (but for now, ignore that term; It’s not important for your questions…).
Any MikroTik router that has Wi-Fi is also both a router and an Access Point.
Ethernet - That’s the technical term for what you’d call a “wired” network, i.e. one with cables. Like, this kind of cable. Your TP-Link router, as well as almost every router (TP-Link, MikroTik or others) has at least one, as does your laptop.
Modem - Basically, that’s any device that connects to a phone line (I mean, that’s not the technical definition, but for our purposes…). If your TP-Link router has a port in which you can plug a phone line cable, then it’s also a modem. If not, your internet provider must have given you a separate device with such a port, which also has an Ethernet port, which would then connect to your TP-Link router. That separate device is called “ADSL splitter”, as seen in one of your earlier pictures.
MikroTik routers are not modems. If you have an ADSL splitter, you’d simply move the Ethernet cable from your TP-Link into the MikroTik router. If you don’t have an ADSL splitter currently, you’d need to get one in addition to the MikroTik router.
Hotspot - That’s the term for when you’re connected to the internet either via Ethernet or via Wi-Fi, but are required to enter a username and password from a web page before you can actually use the internet. In other words, exactly the thing you want to do in the end - that’s hotspot. You can do it with any MikroTik router, as this is just a setting in RouterOS, which as we’ve already said is the software that all MikroTik routers use.
The difficult part is making sure people can use MikroTik as an Access Point, i.e. connect to it via Wi-Fi. They must first do that before they can be shown the hotspot page.
Antenna - That’s the thing that actually carries Wi-Fi signals. It’s NOT the same thing as your Wi-Fi adapter. The Wi-Fi adapter is a thing which processes Wi-Fi signals (or orders signals to be sent), whereas an antenna is plugged into a Wi-Fi adapter in order to actually catch signals to be processed (or send signals that the adapter orders it to). Some access points have antennas that can be changed, as opposed to them being “glued” to the router.
There are different kinds of antennas. Some more powerful, some less. Some are “directional” (meaning they send strong signals in a particular direction), others are “dome” antennas (meaning they send a weaker signal in all directions). Some have an optional cable that you can attach between the Wi-Fi adapter and them, others must be directly plugged into the Wi-Fi adapter.
Some MikroTik routers allow you to change the antenna, while others don’t. If you do get a router that does allow you to change the antenna, you’ll need to separately get a good antenna. The antenna and Wi-Fi adapter need to be powerful enough to go through enough walls or better yet - you should position the antenna so that it’s directly visible to the devices that will connect to it (i.e. with no walls in between).
Bridge - A bridge is a device that connects two or more devices in a single local network (it’s similar to that other term “switch” from the start, but with a twist that’s not important for our purposes now…). By definition, you don’t need an ADSL or any other internet connection at all on such a device.
Instead, one of the ends of the bridge is a device that’s connected to the internet OR is another bridge that is then connected to the device with the internet. In other words, you can chain a bridge after a bridge, until the internet is reached. The actual “client” devices, such as your laptop, would connect to their nearest Wi-Fi bridge (which, yes, is also an Access Point), which would in turn forward the signal to another bridge, to another bridge, and so on up until your MikroTik router, and then if the hotspot is passed, up your modem’s ADSL line.